Innate Immunity

1	DIseases and Pathogens	Infection is one of multiple causes of disease. Define disease. Define pathogens. List major pathogen types.		Initial Knowledge Audit (ICI) For students For teachers Disease concept map (ICTD) Pathogens notes (OCI) Pathogens 10-minute research project (ICI) Pasteur and germ theory from TPWKY (A&B) Questions for students For teachers Lyme and other tick-borne diseases are on the rise. But why? (A&B)
2	Transmission	There are multiple mechanisms for transmission of pathogens. Outline the major routes of pathogen transmission. State that HIV transmission occurs via direct contact through the exchange of certain body fluids. Define zoonosis. List an example of a zoonotic pathogen.	Effects of HIV on the immune system and methods of transmission (6.3.A2). Pathogens can be species-specific although others can cross species barriers (11.1.U8)	Transmission notes Zoonotic transmission notes Transmission simulation Glo-Germ Handwashing Lab How a Virus Spreads So Easily \| MythBusters
3	Innate vs Adaptive Immunity	Innate and adaptive are two major divisions of the vertebrate immune system. Distinguish between innate and adaptive immunity		Innate vs adaptive notes
4	Physical Barriers	Physical and mechanical barriers serve as a first line of defense against pathogens. Outline the role of skin, sebaceous glands and mucous membranes in the defense against pathogens.	The skin and mucous membranes form a primary defense against pathogens that cause infectious disease (6.3.U1).	Physical Barriers notes Physical Barriers CFU For students For teachers Tomato skin lab
5	Innate Internal Defenses	Phagocytic white blood cells are the second line of defense against pathogens. Outline the function of phagocytic white blood cells in defense against pathogens. Fever and inflammation are innate immune responses that eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair. Summarize the role of mast cells and phagocytic white blood cells in the development of fever and inflammation.	Ingestion of pathogens by phagocytic white blood cells gives non-specific immunity to diseases (6.3.U5).	Phagocytic WBC notes Phagocytic WBC models Complete version Video of full booklet Phagocyte WBC CFU For students For teachers Fever Mild fever helps clear infections faster, new study suggests: Research on fish shows waiting before reaching for medications may be beneficial for humans -- ScienceDaily Inflammatory Response Mast cell model (example) Immunity’s Early Warning (A&B) Questions for students
6	Histamine and Allergies	Histamines released from white blood cells can trigger immune response, triggering allergic reactions. State that mast cells are white blood cells that release histamine. Outline the role of histamine on body tissues. Define allergen. Explain the functioning of antihistamines as a treatment for allergies.	White cells release histamine in response to allergens (11.1.U9) Histamines cause allergic symptoms (11.1.U10)	Histamine notes Inflammation and Allergies CFU For students For teachers Allergies from TOPKY (≈39:30) (A&B) For students For teachers Jen Gunter: What's a food allergy -- and what's not? \| TED Talk
7	Blood Clotting	The clotting cascade results in sealing of cuts in blood vessel walls. State two benefits of blood clotting when skin is cut. Outline two roles of platelets in the blood clotting cascade. Describe the blood clotting cascade, including the role of platelets, clotting factors, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen and fibrin.	Cuts in the skin are sealed by blood clotting (6.3.U2) Clotting factors are released from platelets (6.3.U3). The cascade results in the rapid conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin (6.3.U4).	Blood Clotting Example clotting model Clotting CFU For students For teachers Clotting Cascade from TPWKY (≈14:00-22:00) (A&B)
8	Unit Wrap Up and Review			Summary of innate immunity cell types Kahoot review (ICTD) Quizizz Review (OCI) 1 page-summary (OCI) General directions Specifics for this unit Final Knowledge Audit (ICI) For students For teachers